Understanding AIX Logical Volume Management

http://www.techrepublic.com/resource-library/whitepapers/understanding-aix-logical-volume-management/

Like many UNIX operating systems, AIX uses the concepts of Logical Volume Management (LVM) in its data management architecture. This white paper explains the specifics of the AIX LVM and provides some tips and best practice recommendations to get the most from your AIX disk storage.

http://images.globalknowledge.com/wwwimages/whitepaperpdf/WP_IBM_AIX_LogicalVolumeManagement.pdf

AIX IMP DOCS

https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B8MiFxCPETmdYjkxNTIxYjQtNWJmYi00MTI2LTkyODUtZGE3NjIzMzVkNTZl

https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B8MiFxCPETmdMjhlNDI0ZGEtOGE0MC00ODE1LTg3OGMtZjM3MzdjZmI0YTRj

https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B8MiFxCPETmdOWIyMTIyYmMtMzE3Ni00NGFiLTkyMGEtNWY3ZjdiMzdkYzU3

https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B8MiFxCPETmdMDVlY2RkNmYtOGIyYy00ZmRiLWI4NjQtMzBmODUwMWQzMWUy

https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B8MiFxCPETmdZmZhNDcyYzgtOTc1MC00YzY1LTk2M2UtMDZmODUzYTliMWI0

AIX Shell Scripts

 GETTING VG AND PV INFORMATION

THIS SCRIPT  COLLECTS VOLUME GROUP AND PHYSICAL VOLUME INFORMATION AND COLLECTS THEM IN A FILE 
THIS INFORMATION IS IMOPORTANT AS ONE SCRIPT ON A SERVER WILL PROVIDE ALL THE INFORMATION ABOUT ALL THE VG AND PV UNDER IT 

for x in $(lsvg) ;SELECT ALL THE VOLUME GROUPS

do

echo "************************************"  >> /tmp/lsvg.out ;PUT A START MARKER

echo VG INFORMATION FOR $x >> /tmp/lsvg.out

lsvg -p $x  >> /tmp/lsvg.out ;COLLECT INFO ABOUT DRIVES

lsvg -l $x >> /tmp/lsvg.out ;COLLECT INFO ABOUT LV 
lsvg $x >> /tmp/lsvg.out ;COLLECT DETAIL INFO ABOUT VG

echo "************************************" >> /tmp/lsvg.out

done

for x in $(lspv|awk ‘{print $1}’) ;SELECT ALL PHYSICAL VOLUME

do

echo"************************************" >>  /tmp/lspv.out

lspv $x >> /tmp/lspv.out   ;STORE THE PV INFORMATION

lspv –l $x >> /tmp/lspv.out

echo"************************************" >>  /tmp/lspv.out

done

TO CUT REQUIRED LOG FROM A LARGE LOG FILE

In the script “mm” “dd” “yy” is month date and year respectively , this script is useful if a logfile has large content of everyday logs and we have to fetch log of a specific date for a specific host or string

for x in hostname1 hostname2 hostname3 ...

do

cat |awk '/"mm"\/"dd"\/"yy""/,/END/'|awk /"$x"/,/"

done

TAKING VIO BACKUP TO A REMOTE FILESYSTEM

HN=`hostname`

LOGFILE="/home/padmin/bckvio.log"

EMAILADDR=xyz@abc.com

echo "GATHERING VIOS CONFIGURATION" > $LOGFILE

/home/padmin/gathervios.ksh >> $LOGFILE  2>&1

date >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

/usr/ios/cli/ioscli mount :/ / >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

/usr/ios/cli/ioscli backupios -file //${HN}_mksysb -mksysb >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

if [[ $? -ne 0 ]]

then

  mail -s "ERROR CREATING VIOS BACKUP" $EMAILADDR <

vio bachup for $HN has failed ! Please look into log /home/padmin/bckvio.log !

EOF

fi

/usr/ios/cli/ioscli unmount / >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

COLLECT ALL THE INFORMATION OF A CHILD DEVICE COMING FROM A FC ADAPTER

lsdev -l $1
echo "PARENT DEVICE FOR ** $1 ***"
lsdev -l $1 -F parent
a=$(lsdev -l $1 -F parent)
echo "PARENT DEVICE FOR ** $a ** IS"
lsdev -l $(lsdev -l $1 -F parent) -F parent
b=$(lsdev -l $(lsdev -l $1 -F parent) -F parent)
echo "ALL THE CHILD DEVICES CONNECTED TO DEVICE ** $a **"
lsdev -p $(lsdev -l $1 -F parent)
echo "ALL THE CHILD DEVICES CONNECTED TO DEVICE ** $b **"
lsdev -p $(lsdev -l $(lsdev -l $1 -F parent) -F parent)
fc=$(echo $b|grep -e fcs0 -e fcs1 -e fcs2 -e fcs4 -e fcs5)
ck=${#fc}
if [ $ck -eq 0 ]
then
echo "BACKUP ADAPTER IS NOT FC"
exit
else
echo "PLEASE WAIT WHILE COLLECTING FC COMMUNICATION"
for x in $fc
do
c=5
echo "DATA TRANSFER FOR ** $x ** "
while [ $c -gt 0 ]
do
fcstat $x|awk '/Transmit/,/Words/'
sleep 10
c=$(($c-1))
done
done
fi

COLLECTING MICROCODE INFORMATION

###### THIS SCRIPT COLLECTS INFORMATION ###########

############# AND HOST LISTS ARE IN FILE HOST.LST###########

exportfs –i /suptools

for x in $(cat /home/aixadmin/host.lst)
do
echo $x >> /suptools/coldata.out
ssh $x ls -lasd /suptools
if [ $? == 0 ]
then
ssh $x mount -o rw :/suptools /suptools
echo "************************************************8" >> /suptools/coldata.out
ssh $x /suptools/./coldata >> /suptools/coldata.out
ssh $x umount /suptools
echo "************************************************8" >> /suptools/coldata.out
else
ssh $x mkdir /suptools
ssh $x mount -o rw :/suptools /suptools
echo "************************************************8" >> /suptools/coldata.out
ssh $x /suptools/./coldata >> /suptools/coldata.out
ssh $x umount /suptools
echo "************************************************8" >> /suptools/coldata.out
fi
done

CONTENTS OF coldata

hostname >> /suptools/coldata.out
oslevel -s >> /suptools/coldata.out
lsmcode -r >> /suptools/coldata.out
for dv in $(lsdev -Cc adapter|awk '{print $1}'|grep -e ent -e fcs -e sisscsi)
do
echo $dv >> /suptools/coldata.out
lsmcode -r -d $dv >> /suptools/coldata.out
done
#

CREATING A USER

#############################################################

############ THIS WILL ASK UID AND USER NAME #################

############AND WILL CREATE USER NAME ON THE SERVERS #############

##### LISTED IN THE FILE  "xyz" ########

echo enter user-id followed by user name for eg 30 username

read uid usd

#echo enter password to reset for the user $usd

for x in $(cat xyz)

do

echo creating user $usd on host $x

ssh $x mkuser id=$uid $usd

done

exportfs -i /exportfilesystem

echo enter password to reset for the user $usd

read pas

echo "echo $usd:$pas|chpasswd" > /exportfilesystem/passet.sh

chmod +x /exportfilesystem/passet.sh

for x in $(cat xyz)

do

ssh $x mkdir /exportfilesystem

ssh $x mount current_server:/exportfilesystem /exportfilesystem

ssh $x /exportfilesystem/passet.sh

ssh $x umount /exportfilesystem

done

RESETTING A USER LOCKED PASSWD

echo enter user name to reset

read usd

echo this will reset user $usd locked password

chsec -f /etc/security/lastlog -a "unsuccessful_login_count=0" -s $usd

chuser "account_locked=false" $usdFINDS OUT FILE SYSTEM UTILIZATION

THIS SCRIPT FINDS AND TELLS YOU WHICH FILE SYSTEM ARE UTILIZING SPACE BOVE THAN THRESHOLD SET BY YOU

h=$(hostname)

df -gt |grep -v Filesystem|grep -v proc|while read out

do

fs=$(echo $out|awk '{print $5 }'|cut -f1 -d%)

if [ "$fs" -gt 90 ]; then

echo "***********************************"

echo FILE SYSTEM LARGER THAN 90% ON $h ARE

echo $out

echo "***********************************"

fi

done

GETTING PORT ADDRESS FOR SERVICES

THIS SCRIPT CALCULATES AND SHOWS WHICH PORT IS USED BY WHICH SERVICE ,VERY IMPORTANT SCRIPT  FOR ALL AIX ADMINISTRATORS

for x in $(netstat -Aan|grep LISTEN|awk '{print $1}')

do

a=$(netstat -Aan|grep LISTEN|grep $x|awk '{print $5}'|cut -f2 -d .)

b=$(rmsock $x tcpcb|awk '{print $9}')

echo PORT $a is used by

ps -ef |grep $b

done

SCRIPT 1 – FINDING USER’S PASSORD EXPIRE DATE

############################################################################

# THIS SCRIPT WILL ASK A USER NAME AND TELL WHEN ITS PASSWORD WILL  EXPIRE

#I HAD NOT MADE IT VERY SMOOTH BUT STILL IT SOLVES A VERY BIG THING

################################################################################

echo enter user name  ; PROVIDE THE USER NAME

read uame

lstup=$(pwdadm -q $uame|grep -e lastupdate|cut -f2 -d=)

echo LAST PASSWORD UPDATED FOR USER $uame ON >> /tmp/pwexp.out

echo $lstup| perl -e 'print localtime(<>) . "\n";' >> /tmp/pwexp.out 

mxag=$(lsuser -a maxage $uame|cut -f2 -d=)

pwexp=$(expr 604800 \* $mxag)

pwexp=$(($lstup + $pwexp))

echo PASSWORD EXPIRE DATE FOR USER $uame >> /tmp/pwexp.out

echo $pwexp| perl -e 'print localtime(<>) . "\n";' >> /tmp/pwexp.out

cat /tmp/pwexp.out ;THE OUTPUT IS STORED IN pwexp.out FILE

echo $usd:test@1234|chpasspw

QUICK REFERENCE FOR LDAP CONFIGURATION IN AIX

1. Create the first ldap server

To create a ldap server type command

mksecldap -s -a cn=admin -p adminpwd -S rfc2307aix

2. Add/Create a new domain

To Add a new domain named dcmdata.com

mksecldap -s -a cn=admin -p adminpwd -S rfc2307aix -d "dc=dcmdata,dc=com"

2. If you want to create a container(OU -orgainization unit)

To add a OU in domain dcmdata.com

mksecldap -s -a cn=admin -p adminpwd -S rfc2307aix -d /

"ou=users,dc=dcmdata,dc=com"

4. Creating a ldap client in ldap server

To add a client in ldap server dcmdata.com

mksecldap -c -h 193.9.200.229 -a cn=admin -p adminpwd -d "dc=dcmdata,dc=com"

5. Create a user in ldap server

To add a user shivas in doman dcmdata.com

mksecldap -c -h 193.9.200.229 -a cn=admin -p adminpwd -d "dc=dcmdata,dc=com"

-u shivas

6. CReating the first user (type ldap) in Aix and add in ldap

To add a user in Aix

mkuser aswe

To add users entry in ldap

mksecldap -c -h 193.9.200.229 -a cn=admin -p adminpwd -d "dc=dcmdata,dc=com" -u aswe

 To add a user after making ldap server is down

ldapcfg -u "cn=root" -p galaxy123

CREATING AIX MKSYSB ISO BOOTABLE IMAGE

Create a Mksysb image (Assuming that the system has two disk and rootvg contains 1 disk )

Create VG

mkvg -y datavg hdisk1

Create a File system in the new vg 

crfs -v jfs2 -g datavg -a size=10G -m /data

Mount the new file system 

mount /data 

now crete a exclude.rootvg in /etc

echo "/data/" >> /etc/exclude.rootvg

Run mksysb command

mksysb -X -i -e /data/root.mkisysb

Now Create a bootable iso image from mksysb image 

# mkdvd -S -m /root.mksysb

Initializing mkdvd log: /var/adm/ras/mkcd.log...
Verifying command parameters...
0512-054 mkdvd: File /root.mksysb does not exist or is empty.
# mkdvd -S -m /root.mkisysb
Initializing mkdvd log: /var/adm/ras/mkcd.log...
Verifying command parameters...
Creating temporary file system: /mkcd/cd_fs...
Populating the CD or DVD file system...
Building chrp boot image...
Copying backup to the CD or DVD file system...
......................................
Creating temporary file system: /mkcd/cd_images...
Creating Rock Ridge format image: /mkcd/cd_images/cd_image_163898
Running mkisofs ...
.......................................
mkrr_fs was successful.
Making the CD or DVD image bootable...

Removing temporary file system: /mkcd/cd_fs...
# pwd
/mkcd/cd_images
# ls -l
total 3236104
-rw-r--r--    1 root     sys      1656872960 Feb 25 01:50 cd_image_163898
drwxrwx---    2 root     system          512 Feb 25 01:44 lost+found
#

AIX PAGING SPACE

# lsps -a

Page Space      Physical Volume   Volume Group    Size %Used Active  Auto  Type

hd6             hdisk0            rootvg         512MB    17   yes   yes    lv

CREATE A NEW LV TO USE FOR PAGING SPACE 

# mklv -t paging rootvg 5
pagelv00

SEE CURRENT PAGING SPACES WHICH ARE  REGISTERED 

#
# cat /etc/swapspaces
* /etc/swapspaces
*
* This file lists all the paging spaces that are automatically put into
* service on each system restart (the 'swapon -a' command executed from
* /etc/rc swaps on every device listed here).
*
* WARNING: Only paging space devices should be listed here.
*
* This file is modified by the chps, mkps and rmps commands and referenced
* by the lsps and swapon commands.
hd6:
        dev = /dev/hd6


ENABLING A PAGING SPACE 


# swapon /dev/pagelv00
# lsps -a
Page Space      Physical Volume   Volume Group    Size %Used Active  Auto  Type
pagelv00        hdisk0            rootvg         640MB     1   yes    no    lv
hd6             hdisk0            rootvg         512MB    17   yes   yes    lv
#
DISABLING A PAGING SPACE 


# swapoff /dev/pagelv00
# lsps -a
Page Space      Physical Volume   Volume Group    Size %Used Active  Auto  Type
pagelv00        hdisk0            rootvg         640MB     0    no    no    lv
hd6             hdisk0            rootvg         512MB    17   yes   yes    lv
#
CREATING A PAGING SPACE THROUGH mkps 


# mkps -a -n -s3 rootvg
paging00
# lsps -a
Page Space      Physical Volume   Volume Group    Size %Used Active  Auto  Type
paging00        hdisk0            rootvg         384MB     1   yes   yes    lv
pagelv00        hdisk0            rootvg         640MB     0    no    no    lv
hd6             hdisk0            rootvg         512MB    17   yes   yes    lv
MKPS AUTOMATICALLY ADDS PAGING SPACE IN /etc/swapspaces 


# cat /etc/swapspaces
* /etc/swapspaces
*
* This file lists all the paging spaces that are automatically put into
* service on each system restart (the 'swapon -a' command executed from
* /etc/rc swaps on every device listed here).
*
* WARNING: Only paging space devices should be listed here.
*
* This file is modified by the chps, mkps and rmps commands and referenced
* by the lsps and swapon commands.
hd6:
        dev = /dev/hd6


paging00:
        dev = /dev/paging00

CHANGING PAGING SPACE 

INCREASING PAGING SIZE 

# lsps -a
Page Space      Physical Volume   Volume Group    Size %Used Active  Auto  Type
paging00        hdisk0            rootvg         384MB     1   yes   yes    lv
pagelv00        hdisk0            rootvg         640MB     0    no    no    lv
hd6             hdisk0            rootvg         512MB    17   yes   yes    lv


# chps -s 2 paging00


# lsps -a
Page Space      Physical Volume   Volume Group    Size %Used Active  Auto  Type
paging00        hdisk0            rootvg         640MB     1   yes   yes    lv
pagelv00        hdisk0            rootvg         640MB     0    no    no    lv
hd6             hdisk0            rootvg         512MB    17   yes   yes    lv
#
DECREASING PAGING SPACE 


# chps -d 1 paging00
shrinkps: Temporary paging space paging01 created.
shrinkps: Paging space paging00 removed.
shrinkps: Paging space paging00 recreated with new size.


# lsps -a
Page Space      Physical Volume   Volume Group    Size %Used Active  Auto  Type
paging00        hdisk0            rootvg         512MB     1   yes   yes    lv
pagelv00        hdisk0            rootvg         640MB     0    no    no    lv
hd6             hdisk0            rootvg         512MB    17   yes   yes    lv
#